定语从句不能用that

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定语从句不能用that

六用:

(1)先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, something(也可which),few, little, much等或先行词被all, every, any, no, little, much修饰时。如:

All that can be done has been done. 所有能做的事都已经做了。

Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么需要我做的吗?

There is not much that can be done. 没有什么可做的了。

You can take any book that you like. 你可以拿你喜欢的任何一本书。

I have read all the novels that you gave me. 你给我的小说我都看完了。

(2)先行词为形容词最高级或先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如:

His article is the best that has ever been written on the subject. 他的文章是有关这一题目的最好的。

This is the best book that I have ever read. 这是我所读过的'最好的书。

(3)先行词为序数词或先行词被序数词修饰时。如:

This is the first time that I heard of it. 这是我第一次听说此事。

The last place that we visited was the Great Wall. 我们参观的最后一个地方是长城。

(4)先行词被the only, the very, the right等修饰时。如:

This is the very watch that I lost the other day. 这就是我那天丢的那块表。

注:以上(2)(3)(4)若先行词指人时,也可用who, whom,但常用that。如:

He was the first that / who was there. 他是第一个到达那里的人。

You are the only person that / who can help me. 你是唯一能帮我的人。

(5)先行词包括人和物两者时。如:

They talked about things and persons that they remembered in the school.他们谈论了他们记得的在学校里的人和事。

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He talked happily of the men and the books that interested him. 他高兴地谈到了他感兴趣的人和书。

(6)当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。如:

Who is the person that is standing at the gate? 站在大门口的那个人是谁?

Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this? 我们凡是了解物理的有谁不知道这个呢?

三不用:

(1)先行词是用-one或-body构成的复合不定代词时,不能用that,而用who, whom。如:

Is there anybody else who should be invited? 还该邀请谁?

(2)关系代词前有介词时,不能用that,而用which, whom。如:

Here is the car about which I told you. 这就是我跟你说起的那辆车。

Who is the man with whom you just shook hands? 你刚才跟他握手的那个人是谁?

(3)在非限制性定语从句中,不能用that,而用who, whom, which。如:

I have lost my pen, which I like very much. 我很喜欢我的钢笔,但它丢了。

I have two sisters, who are both students. 我有两个妹妹,她们都是学生。

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