2022高考英语短文阅读理解练习

无论在学习或是工作中，我们都可能会接触到练习题，做习题在我们的学习中占有非常重要的位置，对掌握知识、培养能力和检验学习的效果都是非常必要的，你知道什么样的习题才是规范的吗？以下是小编为大家收集的2022高考英语短文阅读理解练习，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢。

2022年新高考英语全国卷阅读理解B篇

Like most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula ( 芝 麻 菜 ) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends called with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out.

In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain, ” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month's cover story. It's jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away — from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.

Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”

If that's hard to understand, let's keep it as simple as the arugula at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time — but for him, it's more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished ( 有 瑕 疵 的' ) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road.

Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just don't think. “Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat.” Curtin says.

1. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?

A. We pay little attention to food waste.

B. We waste food unintentionally at times.

C. We waste more vegetables than meat.

D. We have good reasons for wasting food.

2. What is a consequence of food waste according to the text?

A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm.

C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation.

3. What does Curtin's company do?

A. It produces kitchen equipment.

B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel.

C. It helps local farmers grow fruits.

D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.

4. What does Curtin suggest people do?

A. Buy only what is needed. B. Reduce food consumption.

C. Go shopping once a week. D. Eat in restaurants

答案与解析

1. B 根据问题的设问方式可以判断本题为推理判断题，根据第一段 I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. 可知作者努力注意不浪费食物，But I ended up working late ... But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much.但却因加班和与朋友聚餐，而使得芝麻菜腐坏，有时还会买太多的事物，由此推断我们有时会在无意间浪费食物。B 选项中的 unintentionally（无意地） 与文中的 unthinkingly（不假思索地，轻率地） 为近义词。

2. B 根据问题的设问方式可以判断本题为事实细节类。根据第三段中 Producing food that no one eats wastes the water ... an environmental problem. 可知，食物浪费会造成环境问题。 B项符合题意。

3. D 根据问题的设问方式可以判断本题为事实细节类。根据第四Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals.可知，Curtin的公司是回收人们不想要的食品并转化为健康的食物，所以D项符合题意。

4. A 根据问题的设问方式可以判断本题为事实细节类。根据最后一段Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by … or by … you won't eat. 可知，Curtin 建议人们可以用以下方式减少食物浪费，仅购买所需食品，要求餐馆不提供顾客不吃的配菜，所以A 项符合题意。

　　2022年新高考英语全国卷阅读理解D篇

Human speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the world's languages.

More than 30 years ago, the scholar Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages in society that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damian Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.

They discovered the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned(对齐), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (结构), making it easier to produce such sounds.

The team showed that this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn't have to do as much work and so didn't grow to be so large.

Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.

This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were present when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change and cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.

1. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damian Blasi's research focus on?

A. Its variety. B. Its distribution. C. Its quantity. D. Its development.

2. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals?

A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.

B. They could not open and lose their lips easily.

C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.

D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.

3. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?

A. Supporting evidence for the research results.

B. Potential application of the research findings.

C. A further explanation of the research methods.

D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.

4. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?

A. It is key to effective communication.

B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.

C. It is a complex and dynamic system.

D. It drives the evolution of human beings.