关于冬至的由来和习俗大纲

冬至日时，太阳直射地面位置到达一年的最南端，北半球得到的阳光最少，比南半球少50%;北半球白昼达到最短，且越往北白昼越短。以下是本站小编精心为大家整理的关于冬至的由来和习俗，希望对大家了解冬至有所帮助!更多内容请关注应届毕业生网!

　　The origin of the winter solstice:

Winter solstice is the earliest in the 24 solar terms is to formulate a, yet most people don't know, the origin of the winter solstice was from a national level of city planning. Beginning as early as 3000 years ago, duke of earth, the method of measuring the shadow, in cities are measured position of the world, pronounce this soil, it has political significance at that time, was influenced the thousands of years of festivals.

Zhou to luoyang, in the clay, the method of measurement of luoyang's place is the "world", and then start the auspicious to divination fighters. The ministers, letters patent "records: the duke of zhou" as to los division ", for in several places around the luoyang, finally determine the water the chan water east, west, east the chan water all "but lo feed" (are good places to build temple state of). Duke of los city is selected via "scene" soil, the test base of historical facts, into the ancient classics, also be remembered as a sealing method of the founding of the bond.

The purpose of "scene" soil, the test is to identify the "soil" (center) in China. The essence of this method is the "tree table of eight feet, the summer solstice, scene feet five inches long; the winter solstice, king long a post, the three feet five inches" (i.e. perked up to 8 feet high, benchmarking in midsummer observation, it is 1.5 feet, at noon the winter solstice at noon it is 13.5 feet), "measuring soil deep, is it, please, 4 test". In this way is "soil", as measured by luoyang, "los city" theory.

In accordance with the duke of zhou of the shadow of the world, ers out detailed planning the business after the first national capital, and "shifu book for Luo" : "is make in dayi into weeks in soil,... south in waterinfo, north from MangShan, thought the world gather together." . "Tianbao, according to the day room," fighters (temple) of capital, after completion, duke of zhou in into Zhou Mingtang musicians, to formulate the national etiquette system in detail, according to the record, the zhou dynasty in winter in November for the first month, to the winter solstice as the beginning of a New Year, that is to say, the duke of zhou is selected by the soil, the method of the "shadow" the longest day of the year, for the New Year's day.

By thoughtful of the qin dynasty, in order to at the winter solstice as has been the same. To the han dynasty, hanshu have cloud: "winter solstice sun be the spirit, jun long, reason,..." That is, people first to winter festival is to celebrate the arrival of the New Year.

The ancients thought since the winter solstice, sun be the spirit of heaven and earth began to gradually strong, representing the next cycle, is a fine day. Later, therefore, generally during the Spring Festival of ancestor worship, family dinners and other customs, also often appear in the winter solstice. The winter solstice is also known as the "off-year", a year is approaching, yuri few; The second is the importance of the winter solstice. As the festival of celebrating the winter solstice is the result of the zhou dynasty, sheng in the tang and song dynasty, and down to the present day. Week the for a summer day in November, therefore, in the first month in the zhou dynasty is now in November, worship, and He Dong not respectively. It was not until after emperor adopts a summer, separate in the first month and the winter solstice. Therefore, special "winter solstice festival" is the han dynasty and prosperous in the tang and song dynasty, down to the present day.

　　The custom of the winter solstice:

Starting from the winter solstice day grew. Since the han and tang dynasties, palace maid after the winter solstice of sewing, to use a line every day. This is the folk say "eat the winter solstice rice, a long line". "The nine" from the winter solstice start, people tend to draw a mei, on this day in eighty-one a disc, called "jiujiu away cold figure", painted in red disc, every day with everything and "nine", so the winter solstice is also called "bitter".

Winter solstice this day is the longest night of the year, many people use this night, made from glutinous rice flour "winter solstice circle", in order to distinguish it from the later "today" on the eve of the Spring Festival, the day before the holiday is called "add," or "the age", "years" said haven't finished, but they are older.

Some "dry winter m" on this day. Is the rice washing with water, after the day of sunlight collection, for sick people cook porridge to eat in the future.

　　冬至的由来：

冬至是24节气中最早被制订的一个，然而多数人并不知道，冬至的起源居然是来自于一次国家层面的都城规划。早在3000多年前，周公始用土圭法测影，在洛邑测得天下之中的位置，定此为土中，这在当时有着政治意义的举动，却成了影响后世几千年的节日之一。

周公到洛阳，用土圭法测得洛阳所处的地方即为“天下之中”，然后开始占卜国家社稷的吉地。《尚书·洛诰》记载：周公“朝至于洛师”，对洛阳周边的'几个地方做了考察，最后确定涧水东、瀍水西、瀍水东皆“惟洛食”(都是兴建宗庙社稷的好地方) 。周公通过“土圭测景”选定洛邑基址的史实，被载入了古代典籍，也被后人奉为封邦建国的成法。

“土圭测景”的目的是找出“土中”(中国的中心)。这种方法的要义是“树八尺之表，夏至日，景长尺有五寸;冬至日，景长一丈三尺五寸”(即竖起高为8尺的标杆，在夏至日观测，中午的日影是1.5尺，冬至日中午的日影是13.5尺)， “测土深，正日影，求地中，验四时”。 用这种方法测到的就是“土中”洛阳、“洛邑”的理论位置。

依周公测影所定的天下之中，周人详细规划了灭商后的第一座国家都城，《逸周书·作雒》载：“乃作大邑成周于土中，……南系于洛水，北因于邙山，以为天下之大凑。” 。“定天保，依天室”，国家社稷(都城、宗庙)完成之后，周公在成周明堂制礼作乐，详细制订了国家礼仪制度， 据记载，周代以冬十一月为正月，以冬至为岁首过新年，也就是说，周公选取的是经土圭法测得的一年中“日影”最长的一天，为新的一年开始的日子。

由周到秦，以冬至日当作岁首一直不变。至汉代依然如此，《汉书》有云：“冬至阳气起，君道长，故贺……”也就是说，人们最初过冬至节是为了庆祝新的一年的到来。

古人认为自冬至起，天地阳气开始兴作渐强，代表下一个循环开始，是大吉之日。因此，后来一般春节期间的祭祖、家庭聚餐等习俗，也往往出现在冬至。冬至又被称为“小年”，一是说明年关将近，余日不多;二是表示冬至的重要性。把冬至作为节日来过源于周代，盛于唐宋，并相沿至今。周历的正月为夏历的十一月，因此，周代的正月等于如今的十一月，所以拜岁和贺冬并没有分别。直到汉武帝采用夏历后，才把正月和冬至分开。因此，也可以说专门过“冬至节”是自汉代以后才有，盛于唐宋，相沿至今。

　　冬至的习俗：

从冬至开始白昼渐长。汉唐以来，宫女冬至后的女红，每天要多用一根线。这也就是民间说的“吃了冬至饭，一天长一线”。从冬至开始就“入九”了，人们往往在这天画一枝素梅，上有八十一个瓣，名为“九九消寒图”，每天用红色涂一瓣，涂尽就“出九”了，故而冬至又称“数九”。

冬至这一天是一年中最长的一夜，许多人家利用这一夜，用糯米粉做"冬至圆"，为了区别于后来的春节前夕的"辞岁"，冬节的前一日叫做"添岁"或"亚岁"，表示"年"还没过完，但大家都已经长了一岁。

有的在这一天“晒冬米”。就是把白米用水洗过，在这天的阳光下曝晒后收藏起来，留给日后有病的人煮粥吃。