英语祈使句的结构及用法

导语：用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。下面是YJBYS小编整理的英语祈使句的结构及用法，欢迎参考!

1) 祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。

Take this seat.

Do be careful.

否定结构：

Don't move.

Don't be late.

2) 第二种祈使句以let开头。

Let 的反意疑问句

a. Let's 包括说话者

Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we?

= Shall we have another try?

us 不包括说话者

Let us have another try，will you / won't you?

= Will you please let us have another try?

否定结构：

Let's not talk of that matter.

Let us not talk of that matter.

祈使句如要引用，多使用一个不定式，前面的谓语形式根据语气决定。如：

“Wake him up,” she said.

→She told me to wake him up.

“See a neurologist,” the doctor said.

→The doctor advised me to see a neurologist.

“Stay where you are and don’t move,” commanded the sergeant.

→The sergeant commanded the man to stay where he was and not to move.

“Carry the trunk upstairs,” Mr. Brown said.

→Mr. Brown ordered the men to carry the trunk upstairs.

■能跟这种结构的`动词有：

advise ask beg command forbid instruct invite order

persuade remind teach tell urge warn

1.祈使句构成方式：动词原形+其他。如：Please buy some bananas for me.请为我买一些香蕉。

2.祈使句否定形式：在动词原形前+Don't。如：Don't look ou of the window.不要向窗外看。

3.祈使句的反意疑问句用will you/won't you。以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句部分用shall we。以let us开头的祈使句的反意疑问句部分用will you/shall we。如：Don't swim here,will you?不要在这游泳，好吗? Let's go to the zoo,shall we?让我们去动物园吧，好吗?

引起的祈使句：肯定形式为Let+sb+动词原形+其他;否定形式为Let+sb+not+动词原形+其他/Don't let+sb+do+其他。如：Let's join the soccer club.让我们加入足球俱乐部吧。 Don't let them play with fire.别让他们玩火。

5.禁止祈使句：No+n./ 。如：No smoking!禁止吸烟!